The Use of This Color in Art Therapy Is Suggested to Represent Change

(L–R): Artists Amy Sherald, Yayoi Kusama and Georgia O'Keefe. Photo Courtesy: Amy Davis/Baltimore Sun/Tribune News Service/Getty Images; Toshifumi Kitamura/AFP/Getty Images; Tony Vaccaro/Getty Images

If you've e'er taken an art history class or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot about the men who "defined" their mediums. As with other subjects, nearly of what we learn about art history today still centers on white men from Europe and, afterwards, the United States. In reality, in that location are so many more artists of all genders to acquire from and capeesh.

Hither, we're specifically taking a await at merely some of the women who take had lasting impacts on their art forms. From some of the art world's near iconic pioneers to its well-nigh unsung heroes, these women artists all had a paw — and, in some cases, withal have a paw — in irresolute the earth of fine art and how we define it.

Laura Wheeler Waring

Laura Wheeler Waring'due south portraits Anna Washington Derry and Alice Dunbar Nelson. Photos Courtesy: National Portrait Gallery/Wikimedia Commons

Laura Wheeler Waring was an creative person and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than 30 years. Subsequently studying the work of painters like Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the The states, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.

Cindy Sherman

Two photographs from Cindy Sherman'south Untitled Film Stills (1977–80). series. Photos Courtesy: Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)

Photographer Cindy Sherman was function of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is perhaps virtually well known for her series of Untitled Film Stills (1977–80) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female person film characters, among them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this serial, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media's influence over our individual and commonage identities.

Yoko Ono

A still from the performance Cut Piece, 1964, and a picture of the installation One-half-A-Room, 1967, as seen at the Museum of Modern Art in New York Metropolis in 2015. Photos Courtesy: Museum of Mod Art (MoMA)

You lot might starting time call up of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, simply she'southward as well an accomplished functioning and conceptual creative person. Ono was considered a pioneer in the performance fine art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".

One of her almost revered works, Cut Slice, was a functioning she first staged in Nihon; Ono sat on stage in a nice suit and placed pair of scissors in front end of her, and, in an human activity of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come on phase and cutting abroad pieces of her wear. "Art is like breathing for me," Ono has said. "If I don't exercise it, I start to choke."

Betye Saar

Betye Saar's Black Daughter's Window, 1969 (full and particular). Photos Courtesy: Museum of Mod Art (MoMA)

Before becoming a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied design and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking elective changed her unabridged career trajectory — and, in plow, role of the trajectory of art history.

Saar was part of the Black Arts Move in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the trick is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you tin get the viewer to look at a work of fine art, so you might be able to give them some sort of message."

Frida Kahlo

People expect at Frida Kahlo's 1939 painting Las Dos Fridas at the World Forum of Culture in 2007, which was held in Mexico. Photograph Courtesy: Alejandro Acosta/AFP/Getty Images

It's rare to observe someone who hasn't at least heard of Frida Kahlo. A cocky-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes similar decease and identity through her cocky-portraits. Kahlo often used bold, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded as ane of the most influential artists of the Surrealist motion.

Yayoi Kusama

A viewer photographs inside the Aftermath of Obliteration of Eternity room during a preview of the Yayoi Kusama'south Infinity Mirrors exhibit at the Hirshhorn Museum February 21, 2017 in Washington, D.C. Photo Courtesy: Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images

Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very young age, simply she's likewise known for her hyper-existent sculptures, polka dots, installations, and so much more. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her work. Today, she continues to create works for her enduring Mirror/Infinity rooms series, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.

Amy Sherald

Quondam First Lady Michelle Obama (L) and artist Amy Sherald (R) unveil Mrs. Obama's portrait at the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C. on February 12, 2018. Photo past Saul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images

Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, often doing everyday activities — something that became more mutual in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that yous recognize Sherald'south work — and her signature grayscale skin tones — every bit she was the first Black woman to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.

Georgia O'Keeffe

In 1960, Georgia O'Keeffe poses outdoors abreast a work from her series, Pelvis Serial Crimson With Yellow in Albuquerque, New United mexican states. Photograph Courtesy: Tony Vaccaro/Getty Images

Known as the mother of American modernism, you lot likely associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New United mexican states's landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just perchance, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the first woman painter to gain the respect of the New York fine art world, all by painting in her unique style.

Adrian Piper

Adrian Piper wins the Golden Lion for best creative person in Okwui Enwezor'southward biennial exhibition All the World's Futures, role of the 56th Venice Biennale in 2015. Photograph Courtesy: Awakening/Getty Images

Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual artist in 1970s New York Urban center. She used her work to question society, identity, and racial politics by demanding the audience to confront truths nearly themselves. She often challenged people on the streets of New York to judge her race, socio-economic class, and gender — all while dressed as a Black man with a fake mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her dress.

Shirin Neshat

Shirin Neshat's poses in forepart of a photograph in her exhibition Our Business firm Is on Burn at the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation in New York City in 2014. Photo Courtesy: Cem Ozdel/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images

Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to study art in Los Angeles, California — earlier the Islamic republic of iran Islamic Revolution took place. She is best known for her photography, film, and video work, much of which explores the relationship between Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat'southward works oftentimes create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.

Jenny Holzer

Jenny Holzer standing in forepart of her installation at the Guggenheim Museum. Photo Courtesy: Marianne Barcellona/Getty Images

Equally a neo-conceptual artist, Jenny Holzer'southward work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertising billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.

These works display phrases that human activity equally meditations on various concepts, such equally trauma, cognition, and hope. One of her more notable works, I Smell You On My Skin, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the judgement conveys.

Rebecca Belmore

Rebecca Belmore's Fringe, 2008. Photo Courtesy: Fine art Gallery of Ontario (Agone)

Much of Rebecca Belmore'southward art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the First Nations People in Canada. Equally an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to raise awareness around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Indigenous North American civilisation. In 2005, she was the first Indigenous woman to stand for Canada at the Venice Biennale.

Louise Bourgeois

A person looks at Louise Bourgeois' Spider. Photograph Courtesy: Timothy A. Clary/AFP/Getty Images

While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is better known for her installation fine art and sculptures — similar the spider above — which were inspired past her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a time when abstraction and conceptual fine art were the main styles shaping the art earth.

Mickalene Thomas

Mickalene Thomas' A Piddling Gustatory modality Outside of Beloved, 2007. Photograph Courtesy: Brooklyn Museum

Heavily influenced past pop civilisation and pop art, Mickalene Thomas oft embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody power and femininity.

Judy Chicago

Judy Chicago's seminal work The Dinner Party. Photo Courtesy: Brooklyn Museum

Judy Chicago was ane of the major figures inside the early Feminist Art movement. Every bit exemplified in her iconic work The Dinner Political party, her installation pieces ofttimes examine the office of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California State Academy in Fresno, Chicago founded the beginning feminist art program in the United States.

Augusta Savage

Augusta Savage with one of her sculptures in the mid-1930s. Photo Courtesy: Andrew Herman/Archives of American Art/Wikimedia Eatables

Augusta Fell was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In improver to creating breathtaking sculptures, ofttimes of Black folks, Roughshod founded the Savage Studio of Craft in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years afterward, she became the beginning Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.

Carolee Schneemann

Photo Courtesy: Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)

Known for her provocative performance art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Only expect up her most famous work, Interior Scroll, and you'll see what we mean.) She used her body to examine women'southward sensuality and liberation from the oppressive artful and social conventions established by our patriarchal society.

Nan Goldin

Nan Goldin's Christmas on the Other Side, Boston, 1972. Photograph Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons

Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's work challenges traditional power relations. In improver to documenting New York City's queer subculture post-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crisis, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.

Elaine Sturtevant

Warhol's Marilyn Monroe (1967) by Elaine Sturtevant. Photo Courtesy: Ben Stanstall/AFP/Getty Images

Does this wait like an Andy Warhol to y'all? Well, that'south the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went by her final name professionally, was a conceptual artist known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-right copies of big-name artists' work.

Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Nevertheless, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the structure of art culture.

Ruth Asawa

Various hanging sculptures by Ruth Asawa at the De Young Museum in San Francisco. Photo Courtesy: View Pictures/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based artist, Asawa's last public committee was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State Academy, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during World War II.

Catherine Opie

Catherine Opie attends the 2007 Guggenheim International Gala on November eight, 2007 in New York Metropolis. Photo Courtesy: Shawn Ehlers/WireImage/Getty Images

Known for her studio, portrait, and landscape photography, Catherine Opie has been a photographer since the age of ix. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing so, displays diverse subcultures in formal portraits — but in a style that conveys ability and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.

micha cárdenas

Still from Sin Sol (No Dominicus) VR game. Photo Courtesy: micha cárdenas/YouTube

micha cárdenas is an artist, author, theorist, and assistant professor who won an Impact Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Creative Award from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes education is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to address global issues such as racism, gendered violence, and climate modify.

Lee Krasner

Lee Krasner: Living Color exhibition at Barbican Art Gallery on May 29, 2019 in London, England. Photo Courtesy: Tristan Fewings/Getty Images for Barbican Fine art Gallery

Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who as well specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and assemblage to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).

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